Full visibility sapphire cell
The CO2 column with a sapphire tube is a specialized apparatus used for measuring hydrate formation through two different setups: one involving a sand pack and the other utilizing torque measurement on a magnetic stirrer.
The column consists of a transparent sapphire tube, known for its exceptional clarity and durability, allowing for real-time visual observation of the hydrate formation process. The sapphire tube provides a controlled environment for studying the interaction between CO2 and water, leading to hydrate formation.
In the first setup, a sand pack is utilized within the column. The sand pack serves as a porous medium, mimicking the conditions encountered in natural reservoirs. The CO2 gas is introduced into the column, and as it passes through the sand pack, it comes into contact with water, leading to the formation of hydrates. The sand pack aids in simulating the complex flow dynamics and mass transfer processes associated with hydrate formation.
In the second setup, torque measurement is employed on a magnetic stirrer. The column incorporates a magnetic stirrer, which creates agitation within the CO2-water mixture, promoting contact and interaction between the two components. The torque generated by the magnetic stirrer provides valuable insights into the kinetics of hydrate formation. By monitoring the changes in torque over time, researchers can analyze the rate of hydrate growth and evaluate the effectiveness of different conditions and additives in inhibiting or promoting hydrate formation.
Both setups allow for the precise control of temperature and pressure, simulating the conditions encountered in real-world scenarios. Temperature sensors and pressure regulators are integrated into the column, enabling researchers to create the desired conditions for hydrate formation and study their thermodynamic and kinetic properties.
The CO2 column with a sapphire tube and its two distinct setups provide a versatile platform for investigating hydrate formation. By employing either the sand pack or torque measurement on a magnetic stirrer, researchers can gain a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing hydrate formation and develop effective strategies for managing and controlling hydrate-related issues in CO2 storage and transport systems.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
> Operating pressure: 120 bar
> Operating temperature: from -10°C to 80°C
> Double jacket system with heat transfer fluid for temperature management
> Parts in contact with the fluids: titanium Ta6v
> Sapphire tube Ø20mm x 200mm, useful volume 63CC
> Integrated PT100 probe for temperature control
> 2 types of removable tests: sand pack and hydrate formation by torque measurement on agitation
> 2 breakage discs placed upstream and downstream of the column
> 2 cooling circuits (column and sand pack assembly) with the possibility to mutualize them
